Computer Fundamentals MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Computer Fundamentals - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is option 4.

Key Points

• The fundamental idea behind how a mouse functions is based on electro-mechanical principles.
• When a user moves the mouse, a ball or optical sensor inside the mouse moves as well, which then sends signals to the computer to move the cursor on the screen.
• The signals are sent through a wire or wireless connection, depending on the type of mouse being used.
• Electro-mechanical mice have been largely replaced by optical or laser mice, which use light sensors instead of a ball to track movement.

Additional Information

• Electro-magnetic: These principles are used in devices like speakers and headphones, but not in the functioning of a computer mouse.
• Electro-operational: The term "electro-operational" does not have a clear meaning in the context of a computer mouse.
• Electro-optical: Optical mice do use light sensors to track movement, but this is only one part of the overall electro-mechanical process that enables a mouse to function.

The correct answer is option 1.

Key Points

• Transforming data is a computer function as it involves manipulating and changing raw data into a more useful format.
• Transforming data is a fundamental function of computers, which allows for tasks such as data analysis and visualization.
• Transportation, construction, and fabrication are not computer functions as they are physical processes that do not involve the use of a computer.

 Additional Information

• Transportation: It is the movement of goods or people from one place to another and is not a computer function.
• Construction: It involves the building of structures or objects and does not involve the use of a computer.
• Fabrication: It is the process of creating or manufacturing goods and does not necessarily involve the use of a computer, although it may be used in some aspects of the process.

The correct answer is option 1.

Key Points

• Instructions have to be fed into the computer in a systematic order to perform a specific task.
• The systematic order of instructions is important because computers follow instructions in a linear fashion.
• The order of instructions is called a program or algorithm.
• A program is a set of instructions that tells the computer what to do.
• The program has to be written in a specific language that the computer can understand, such as Python or Java.

 Additional Information

• Particular task: It is similar to specific task but not as precise.
• All task: It is too broad and not accurate.
• Referral task: It is not a commonly used term in computing and does not make sense in this context. 

The correct answer is option 2.

 Key Points

• The three main forms of computer architecture are:
  •   1. Von Neumann architecture, which is the most common architecture used in personal computers.
  • 2. Harvard architecture, which is used in embedded systems and digital signal processing.
  • 3. Modified Harvard architecture, which is a combination of Von Neumann and Harvard architectures.

   Additional Information

• Option 1 (Five) is incorrect as there are only three main forms of computer architecture. It is unclear what the additional two forms would be.
• Option 3 (Two) is incorrect as there are three main forms of computer architecture, not two.
• Option 4 (Four) is incorrect as there are only three main forms of computer architecture. It is unclear what the additional form would be. 

The correct answer is option 3.

 Key Points

• The part of the computer used for calculating and comparing is the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU).
• The ALU performs arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) and logical operations (AND, OR, NOT) on data.
• The ALU is a component of the CPU (Central Processing Unit). • The ALU operates on binary data.

 Additional Information

• Disk unit: The disk unit is used for storage of data and programs. It is not involved in calculating or comparing data.
• Control unit: The control unit is responsible for coordinating and controlling the operations of the CPU. It does not directly perform calculations or comparisons.
• Modem: A modem is a device that enables communication between computers over a network. It is not involved in calculating or comparing data. 

The correct answer is "File Explorer".

Key PointsRenaming a file:

• Click the File Explorer icon.
• Go to the location where stores your file or folder.
• Right-click the name of the file or folder you wish to rename.
• Click Rename (on the menu that opens up).
• Type a new name for the file and press Enter.

The correct answer is Nibble.

• A half byte is called a Nibble.

Key Points

• A bit is the smallest unit of storage.
• A bit stores just a 0 or 1.
• Computers are designed to store data and execute instructions in bit multiples called bytes.
• One nibble is equal to 4 bits.

Important Points

• Computer storage and memory are often measured in megabytes (MB) and gigabytes (GB).
  • 1 kilobyte (KB) = 1024 bytes
  • 1 megabyte (MB) = 1024 kilobytes
  • 1 gigabyte (GB) = 1024 megabytes
  • 1 terabyte (TB) = 1024 gigabytes
  • 1 petabyte (PB) = 1024 terabytes

Correct Answer is Second Generation

Concept:

Second Generation (1955-1964) computer made was completely based upon transistors. Transistors replaced vacuum tubes in computers. It was invented at Bell Labs by Walter H. Brattain, John Bardeen and William B. Shockley.The TX-0 was the first computer that used transistors, It was released in 1956.These second-generation machines were used for a wide variety of business and scientific jobs and used high-level programming and assembly languages such as FORTRAN (Formula Translator) and COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language).

Additional Information

The second-generation computers had several features: 

• ​Computers made in the second generation used transistors that made them more reliable, smaller in size, faster in speed, more energy-efficient, and cheaper compared to the first generation of computers.
• They contain magnetic storage disks and magnetic core memory.
• They used high-level languages such as FORTRAN and COBOL and allowed communication with the help of a telephone line.
• As compared to the first generation of computers, the data processing time reduced from milliseconds to microseconds.

Key Points

 Option 1: ​It converts the input data and instructions into a computer-acceptable form.

True, The input unit converts these instructions and data into a computer in an acceptable format.

Option 2: It sends input data and instructions to storage devices for storage and further processing.

True, The input device sends input data and instructions to storage devices for storage and further processing.

Option 3: It processes the input data and sends the result directly to the output device.

False, Input devices can send input data or information to a computer or another device. After that, the computer processes the data and sends it back to the output devices like the screen. 

Option 4: It reads data and instructions from the outside world.

True, Input devices Device that accepts data and instructions from the outside world like, Keyboard Mouse Trackball Joystick Light pen Touch Screen Scanner Bar code.

Hence the correct answer is It processes the input data and sends the result directly to the output device.

The correct answer is "Speed".

Key Points

• Gigahertz is a measurement of something happening X times per second.
• 4 gigahertz means that the thing is happening 4 billion times a second.
• When we say that the processor runs at 4ghz we mean that the “main clock” of the processor is ticking 4 billion times per second.
• CPUs are digital circuits. They only do an action when the clock drives the circuit to do the action. Think of that as the RPM of a car. The faster the clock goes, the faster the actions happen.
• For performance, clock speed is important but it's not directly comparable between different CPU architectures. Clock speeds are comparable only in the same family of cpus that share an architecture.

The correct answer is Nibble.

• A half byte is called a Nibble.

Key Points

• One byte is equal to 8 bits.
• One kilobit is equal to 1000 bits.
• One kilobyte is equal to 8000 bits.
• One kibibit is equal to 1024 bits.
• One kibibyte is equal to 8192 bits.
• One Megabit is equal to 1000000 bits.
• One Megabyte is equal to 8000000 bits. 

The correct answer is I - 3, II - 1, III - 2.

Key Points

• Executing programs:
  • A computer processor executes an instruction, meaning that it performs the operations called for by that instruction.
  • An executable is a file that contains a program - that is, a particular kind of file that is capable of being executed or run as a program in the computer.
• Allocating resources:
  • Resource allocation is the process of assigning and managing assets in a manner that supports an organization's strategic planning goals. 
• Maintain Authorization Information:
  • Authorization is a security mechanism to determine access levels or user/client privileges related to system resources including files, services, computer programs, data and application features.

Explanation:

The startup process of computer system is termed as "Booting". In this, the computer checks whether all the devices are connected properly or not. This is done by a small program in ROM.

The correct answer is "File Explorer".

Key PointsRenaming a file:

• Click the File Explorer icon.
• Go to the location where stores your file or folder.
• Right-click the name of the file or folder you wish to rename.
• Click Rename (on the menu that opens up).
• Type a new name for the file and press Enter.

The correct answer is Nibble.

• A half byte is called a Nibble.

Key Points

• A bit is the smallest unit of storage.
• A bit stores just a 0 or 1.
• Computers are designed to store data and execute instructions in bit multiples called bytes.
• One nibble is equal to 4 bits.

Important Points

• Computer storage and memory are often measured in megabytes (MB) and gigabytes (GB).
  • 1 kilobyte (KB) = 1024 bytes
  • 1 megabyte (MB) = 1024 kilobytes
  • 1 gigabyte (GB) = 1024 megabytes
  • 1 terabyte (TB) = 1024 gigabytes
  • 1 petabyte (PB) = 1024 terabytes